Objective-c 文件操作

直接贴代码。
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

/*目录操作*/
void test1(){
    //文件管理器是专门用于文件管理的类
    NSFileManager *manager=[NSFileManager defaultManager];
    
    //获得当前程序所在目录(当然可以改变)
    NSString *currentPath=[manager currentDirectoryPath];
    NSLog(@"current path is :%@",currentPath);
    //结果：/Users/jason/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/FoundationFramework-awxjohcpgsqcpsanqofqogwbqgbx/Build/Products/Debug
    
    //创建目录
    NSString *myPath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myDocument";
    BOOL result= [manager createDirectoryAtPath:myPath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
    if(result==NO){
        NSLog(@"Couldn't create directory!");
    }
    
    //目录重命名，如果需要删除目录只要调用removeItemAtPath:<#(NSString *)#> error:<#(NSError **)#>
    NSError *error;
    NSString *newPath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myNewDocument";
    if([manager moveItemAtPath:myPath toPath:newPath error:&error]==NO){
        NSLog(@"Rename directory failed!Error infomation is:%@",error);
    }
    
    //改变当前目录
    if([manager changeCurrentDirectoryPath:newPath]==NO){
        NSLog(@"Change current directory failed!");
    }
    NSLog(@"current path is :%@",[manager currentDirectoryPath]);
    //结果：current path is :/Users/jason/Desktop/myNewDocument
    
    //遍历整个目录
    NSString *path;
    NSDirectoryEnumerator *directoryEnumerator= [manager enumeratorAtPath:newPath];
    while (path=[directoryEnumerator nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"%@",path);
    }
    /*结果：
     documents
     est.txt
    */
    
    //或者这样遍历
    NSArray *paths= [manager contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:newPath error:nil];
    NSObject *p;
    for (p in paths) {
        NSLog(@"%@",p);
    }
    /*结果：
     documents
     est.txt
     */
}

/*文件操作*/
void test2(){
    NSFileManager *manager=[NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *filePath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myNewDocument/test.txt";
    NSString *filePath2=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/test.txt";
    NSString *newPath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myNewDocument/test2.txt";
    
    //判断文件是否存在，这个方法也可以判断目录是否存在，这要后面的参数设置位YES
    if ([manager fileExistsAtPath:filePath isDirectory:NO]) {
        NSLog(@"File exists！");
    }
    
    //文件是否可读
    if([manager isReadableFileAtPath:filePath]){
        NSLog(@"File is readable!");
    }
    
    //判断两个文件内容是否相等
    if ([manager contentsEqualAtPath:filePath andPath:filePath2]) {
        NSLog(@"file1 equals file2");
    }
    
    //文件重命名，方法类似于目录重命名
    if (![manager moveItemAtPath:filePath toPath:newPath error:nil]) {
        NSLog(@"Rename file1 failed!");
    }
    
    //文件拷贝
    NSString *filePath3=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/test3.txt";
    if(![manager copyItemAtPath:newPath toPath:filePath3 error:nil]){
        NSLog(@"Copy failed!");
    }
    
    //读取文件属性
    NSDictionary *attributes;
    if ((attributes=[manager attributesOfItemAtPath:newPath error:nil])==nil) {
        NSLog(@"Read attributes failed!");
    }
    for (NSObject *key in attributes) {
        NSLog(@"%@=%@",key,attributes[key]);
    }
    /*结果：
         NSFileOwnerAccountID=501
         NSFileHFSTypeCode=0
         NSFileSystemFileNumber=1781953
         NSFileExtensionHidden=0
         NSFileSystemNumber=16777218
         NSFileSize=27
         NSFileGroupOwnerAccountID=20
         NSFileOwnerAccountName=jason
         NSFileCreationDate=2014-07-28 11:47:58 +0000
         NSFilePosixPermissions=420
         NSFileHFSCreatorCode=0
         NSFileType=NSFileTypeRegular
         NSFileExtendedAttributes={
         "com.apple.TextEncoding" = <7574662d 383b3133 34323137 393834>;
         }
         NSFileGroupOwnerAccountName=staff
         NSFileReferenceCount=1
         NSFileModificationDate=2014-07-28 11:47:58 +0000
     */
    
    //删除文件
    [manager removeItemAtPath:newPath error:nil];
    
}
//文件操作--文件内容操作（NSData，非结构化字节流对象，有缓冲区管理机制，可用于网络传输）
void test3(){
    NSFileManager *manager=[NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *filePath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myNewDocument/test2.txt";
    NSData *data=[manager contentsAtPath:filePath];
    NSLog(@"%@",data);//存储的是二进制字节流
    //结果:<68656c6c 6f20776f 726c642c e4b896e7 958ce4bd a0e5a5bd efbc81>
    
    //NSData转化成字符串
    NSString *str1=[[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"%@",str1);
    //结果：hello world,世界你好！
    
    //字符串转化成NSData
    NSString *str2=@"Kenshin";
    NSData *data2=[str2 dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"%@",data2);
    
    //当然一般如果仅仅是简单读取文件内容，直接用户NSString方法即可
    NSString *content=[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:filePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
    NSLog(@"%@",content);
    //结果：hello world,世界你好！ 
}
//文件操作--细粒度控制文件,文件操作柄
void test4(){
    NSFileManager *manager=[NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *filePath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myNewDocument/test2.txt";
    
    //以只读方式打开文件
    NSFileHandle *fileHandle=[NSFileHandle fileHandleForReadingAtPath:filePath];//注意这个方法返回类型为instancetype，也就是说对于上面的NSFileHandle它的返回类型也是NSFileHandle
    NSData *data= [fileHandle readDataToEndOfFile];//完整读取文件
    NSString *newPath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/test4.txt";
    [manager createFileAtPath:newPath contents:nil attributes:nil];
    NSFileHandle *fileHandle2=[NSFileHandle fileHandleForWritingAtPath:newPath];//以可写方式打开文件
    [fileHandle2 writeData:data];//写入文件内容
    
    [fileHandle2 closeFile];//关闭文件
        
    //定位到指定位置,默认在文件开头
    [fileHandle seekToFileOffset:12];
    NSData *data2= [fileHandle readDataToEndOfFile];
    NSLog(@"data2=%@",[[NSString alloc]initWithData:data2 encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
    //结果：data2=世界你好！
    
    [fileHandle seekToFileOffset:6];
    NSData *data3=[fileHandle readDataOfLength:5];
    NSLog(@"data3=%@",[[NSString alloc]initWithData:data3 encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
    //结果：data3=world
    
    [fileHandle closeFile];
    
}

//文件路径
void test5(){
    NSString *filePath=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/myDocument";
    NSString *filePath2=@"/Users/jason/Desktop/test.txt";

    //临时文件所在目录
    NSString *path=NSTemporaryDirectory();
    NSLog(@"temporary directory is :%@",path);
    //结果：/var/folders/h6/lss6gncs509c2pgzgty3wd_40000gn/T/

    NSString *lastComponent= [filePath lastPathComponent];
    NSLog(@"%@",lastComponent); //结果：myDocument
    
    NSLog(@"%@",[filePath stringByDeletingLastPathComponent]);
    //结果：/Users/jason/Desktop
    NSLog(@"%@",[filePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Pictrues"]);
    //结果：/Users/jason/Desktop/myDocument/Pictrues
    NSLog(@"%@",[filePath2 pathExtension]);
    //结果：txt
    
    [[filePath pathComponents] enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
        NSLog(@"%i=%@",idx,obj);
    }];
    /*结果：
     0=/
     1=Users
     2=jason
     3=Desktop
     4=myDocument
     */   
}

//文件操作--NSURL
void test6(){
    NSURL *url=[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://developer.apple.com"];
    NSString *str1=[NSString stringWithContentsOfURL:url encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
    NSLog(@"%@",str1);
}

//文件操作--NSBundle，程序包，一般用于获取Resource中的资源（当然由于当前并非IOS应用没有程序包，只是表示当前程序运行路径）
//在ios中经常用于读取应用程序中的资源文件，如图片、声音、视频等
void test7(){
    //在程序包所在目录创建一个文件
    NSFileManager *manager=[NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *currentPath=[manager currentDirectoryPath];
    NSLog(@"current path is :%@",currentPath);
    //结果：current path is :/Users/jason/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/FoundationFramework-awxjohcpgsqcpsanqofqogwbqgbx/Build/Products/Debug
    NSString *filePath=[currentPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.txt"];
    [manager createFileAtPath:filePath contents:[@"Hello,world!" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] attributes:nil];    
    
    //利用NSBundle在程序包所在目录查找对应的文件
    NSBundle *bundle=[NSBundle mainBundle];//主要操作程序包所在目录
    //如果有test.txt则返回路径，否则返回nil
    NSString *path=[bundle pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"txt"];//也可以写成：[bundle pathForResource:@"instructions.txt" ofType:nil];
    NSLog(@"%@",path);
    //结果：/Users/jason/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/FoundationFramework-awxjohcpgsqcpsanqofqogwbqgbx/Build/Products/Debug/test.txt
    NSLog(@"%@",[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]);
    //结果：Hello,world!
    
    //假设我们在程序运行创建一个Resources目录，并且其中新建pic.jpg，那么用下面的方法获得这个文件完整路径
    NSString *path1= [bundle pathForResource:@"pic" ofType:@"jpg" inDirectory:@"Resources"];
    NSLog(@"%@",path1);
    //结果：/Users/jason/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/FoundationFramework-awxjohcpgsqcpsanqofqogwbqgbx/Build/Products/Debug/Resources/pic.jpg
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[]){

    test1();
    test2();
    test3();
    test4();
    test5();
    test6();
    test7();
    
    return 0;
}
Objective-c 文件操作

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